Solar System

Setting up the environment Initialization of the Ontology editor in Jupyter Notebook

from cognipy.ontology import Ontology #the ontology processing class
from cognipy.ontology import CQL #SPARQL format tailored for Contolled Natural Language
from cognipy.ontology import encode_string_for_graph_label #complex datatypes encoder for the graph labels in graph visualisation
import textwrap

def graph_attribute_formatter(val):
    if isinstance(val,list) or isinstance(val,set):
        return " | ".join(list(map(lambda i:encode_string_for_graph_label(graph_attribute_formatter(i)),val)))
    elif isinstance(val,dict):
        return " | ".join(list(map(lambda i:i[0]+" : "+encode_string_for_graph_label(graph_attribute_formatter(i[1])),val.items())))
    else:
        return encode_string_for_graph_label(textwrap.fill(str(val),40))

Scraping data and building CNL

import pandas as pd
import os

if os.path.exists('orbits.pkl'):
    raw_orbit_data=pd.read_pickle('orbits.pkl')
else:
    raw_orbit_data=pd.read_html('http://nineplanets.org/data.html')[0]
    pd.to_pickle(raw_orbit_data,'orbits.pkl')

raw_orbit_data

	Name	#	Orbits	Distance (000 km)	O_Period (days)	Incl	Eccen	Discoverer	Date	A.K.A.
0	Sun	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	Sol (0)
1	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
2	Mercury	I	Sun	57910	87.97	7	0.21	-	-	(0)
3	Venus	II	Sun	108200	224.7	3.39	0.01	-	-	(0)
4	Earth	III	Sun	149600	365.26	0	0.02	-	-	(0)
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
92	Nereid	II	Neptune	5513	360.13	29	0.75	Kuiper	1949	NaN
93	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
94	Charon	I	Pluto	20	6.39	98.8	0	Christy	1978	1978 P 1
95	Nix	II	Pluto	49	24.86	0.2	0	Stern(j)	2005	2005 P 1
96	Hydra	III	Pluto	65	38.21	0.21	0	Stern(j)	2005	2005 P 2

97 rows × 10 columns

def renum(x):
    x=str(x)
    x=x.strip().replace(' ','')
    x='0'+x if x[0]=='.' else x
    x=x+'0' if x[-1]=='.' else x
    return x

def orbits_to_cnl(row):
    lines = []
    if row.Name==row.Name: #Nan check
        if row.Orbits!='-':
            lines.append(f"{row.Name} orbits {row.Orbits}.")
            lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-index equal-to '{row['#']}'.")
            if row['Distance (000 km)']==row['Distance (000 km)']:
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to {renum(row['Distance (000 km)'])}.")
            if row['O_Period (days)']==row['O_Period (days)']:
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-period equal-to {renum(row['O_Period (days)'])}.")
            if row['Eccen']==row['Eccen']:
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-eccentricity equal-to {renum(row['Eccen'])}.")
            if row.Discoverer!='-':
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-discoverer equal-to '{row.Discoverer.split('(')[0]}'.")
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-discovery-year equal-to {row.Date}.")
    return '\n'.join(lines)

orbit_cnl='\n'.join(line for line in raw_orbit_data.apply(orbits_to_cnl,axis=1) if line!='')
print(orbit_cnl[:1000]+"...")

Mercury orbits Sun.
Mercury has-index equal-to 'I'.
Mercury has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 57910.
Mercury has-period equal-to 87.97.
Mercury has-eccentricity equal-to 0.21.
Venus orbits Sun.
Venus has-index equal-to 'II'.
Venus has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 108200.
Venus has-period equal-to 224.7.
Venus has-eccentricity equal-to 0.01.
Earth orbits Sun.
Earth has-index equal-to 'III'.
Earth has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 149600.
Earth has-period equal-to 365.26.
Earth has-eccentricity equal-to 0.02.
Mars orbits Sun.
Mars has-index equal-to 'IV'.
Mars has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 227940.
Mars has-period equal-to 686.98.
Mars has-eccentricity equal-to 0.09.
Jupiter orbits Sun.
Jupiter has-index equal-to 'V'.
Jupiter has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 778330.
Jupiter has-period equal-to 4332.71.
Jupiter has-eccentricity equal-to 0.05.
Saturn orbits Sun.
Saturn has-index equal-to 'VI'.
Saturn has-semimajor-axis-1000-km equal-to 1429400.
Saturn has-period equal-to 107...

if os.path.exists('physics.pkl'):
    raw_physical_data=pd.read_pickle('physics.pkl')
else:
    raw_physical_data= pd.read_html('https://nineplanets.org/physical-solar-system-data/',header=[0,1])[0]
    raw_physical_data.columns=["Name","Radius","Mass","Dens","Abo","Vo","Rotate","Dimensions"]
    pd.to_pickle(raw_physical_data,'physics.pkl')

raw_physical_data

	Name	Radius	Mass	Dens	Abo	Vo	Rotate	Dimensions
0	Sun	695000.0	1.99e30	1.41	?	-26	24.6	NaN
1	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
2	Mercury	2440.0	3.30e23	5.43	0.11	-1.9	58.6	NaN
3	Venus	6052.0	4.87e24	5.24	0.65	-4.4	-243	NaN
4	Earth	6378.0	5.97e24	5.52	0.3	-	0.99	NaN
...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
81	Nereid	170.0	?	?	.2	18.7	?	NaN
82	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN
83	Charon	603.0	1.52e21	1.72	.32	15.5	S	(z)
84	Nix	23.0	< 2e18	?	?	22.9	?	(z)
85	Hydra	30.0	< 2e18	?	?	23.4	?	(z)

86 rows × 8 columns

def physics_to_cnl(row):
    lines = []
    if row.Name==row.Name: #Nan check
        lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-radius equal-to {renum(row.Radius)}.")
        if row.Mass!='?' and row.Mass==row.Mass:
            if row.Mass[0]=='<':
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-mass-kg lower-than {renum(row.Mass[1:])}.")
            else:
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-mass-kg equal-to {renum(row.Mass)}.")
        if row.Dens!='?' and row.Dens==row.Dens:
            lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-density equal-to {renum(row.Dens)}.")
        if row.Abo!='?':
            lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-abo equal-to {renum(row.Abo)}.")
        if row.Vo!='-' and row.Vo!='?':
            lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-vo equal-to {renum(row.Vo)}.")
        if row.Rotate!='?' and row.Rotate==row.Rotate:
            if row.Rotate=='S':
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-rotate equal-to 'Stable'.")
            elif row.Rotate=='chaotic':
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-rotate equal-to 'Chaotic'.")
            else:
                lines.append(f"{row.Name} has-rotate equal-to {renum(row.Rotate)}.")
    return '\n'.join(lines)

physics_cnl = '\n'.join(line for line in raw_physical_data.apply(physics_to_cnl,axis=1) if line!='')
print(physics_cnl[:1000]+"...")

Sun has-radius equal-to 695000.0.
Sun has-mass-kg equal-to 1.99e30.
Sun has-density equal-to 1.41.
Sun has-vo equal-to -26.
Sun has-rotate equal-to 24.6.
Mercury has-radius equal-to 2440.0.
Mercury has-mass-kg equal-to 3.30e23.
Mercury has-density equal-to 5.43.
Mercury has-abo equal-to 0.11.
Mercury has-vo equal-to -1.9.
Mercury has-rotate equal-to 58.6.
Venus has-radius equal-to 6052.0.
Venus has-mass-kg equal-to 4.87e24.
Venus has-density equal-to 5.24.
Venus has-abo equal-to 0.65.
Venus has-vo equal-to -4.4.
Venus has-rotate equal-to -243.
Earth has-radius equal-to 6378.0.
Earth has-mass-kg equal-to 5.97e24.
Earth has-density equal-to 5.52.
Earth has-abo equal-to 0.3.
Earth has-rotate equal-to 0.99.
Mars has-radius equal-to 3397.0.
Mars has-mass-kg equal-to 6.42e23.
Mars has-density equal-to 3.93.
Mars has-abo equal-to 0.15.
Mars has-vo equal-to -2.0.
Mars has-rotate equal-to 1.03.
Jupiter has-radius equal-to 71492.0.
Jupiter has-mass-kg equal-to 1.90e27.
Jupiter has-density equal-...

Constructing few rules that will merge all the things together

%%writefile solarsystem.encnl

Comment: 'Definition of a planet'.
If a thing orbits a star and the thing has-mass-kg greater-than 1.0e23 then the thing is a planet.

Comment: 'Definition of a dwarf-planet'.
If a thing orbits a star and the thing has-mass-kg greater-than 1.0e21 and the thing has-mass-kg lower-than 1.0e23 then the thing is a dwarf-planet.

Comment: 'Definition of the moon'.
If a thing(1) orbits a thing(2) and the thing(2) orbits a star then the thing(1) is a moon.

Comment: 'All starts with the Sun'.
Sun is a star.

Overwriting solarsystem.encnl

Loading the ontology

onto=Ontology("cnl/string",'\n'.join([open("solarsystem.encnl","rt").read(), physics_cnl,orbit_cnl]),
                    evaluator = lambda e:eval(e,globals(),locals()),
                    graph_attribute_formatter = graph_attribute_formatter)

Exploring the ontology

onto.select_instances_of("a star")

	Instance	has-rotate	has-vo	has-density	has-mass-kg	has-radius
0	Sun	24.6	-26	1.41	1.990000e+30	695000.0

onto.select_instances_of("a dwarf-planet")

	Instance	orbits	has-discovery-year	has-mass-kg	has-vo	has-abo	has-discoverer	has-rotate	has-radius	has-period	has-semimajor-axis-1000-km	has-eccentricity	has-index	has-density
0	Pluto	Sun	1930	1.270000e+22	13.6	0.55	Tombaugh	-6.39	1150.0	90550	5913520	0.25	IX	2.06

onto.select_instances_of("a planet")

	Instance	orbits	has-discoverer	has-abo	has-vo	has-density	has-semimajor-axis-1000-km	has-discovery-year	has-period	has-eccentricity	has-radius	has-mass-kg	has-rotate	has-index
0	Neptune	Sun	Adams	0.41	7.8	1.64	4504300	1846.0	60190.00	0.01	24766.0	1.020000e+26	0.67	VIII
1	Saturn	Sun	None	0.47	0.7	0.69	1429400	NaN	10759.50	0.06	60268.0	5.680000e+26	0.45	VI
2	Mars	Sun	None	0.15	-2.0	3.93	227940	NaN	686.98	0.09	3397.0	6.420000e+23	1.03	IV
3	Earth	Sun	None	0.30	NaN	5.52	149600	NaN	365.26	0.02	6378.0	5.970000e+24	0.99	III
4	Venus	Sun	None	0.65	-4.4	5.24	108200	NaN	224.70	0.01	6052.0	4.870000e+24	-243.00	II
5	Uranus	Sun	Herschel	0.51	5.5	1.32	2870990	1781.0	30685.00	0.05	25559.0	8.680000e+25	-0.72	VII
6	Mercury	Sun	None	0.11	-1.9	5.43	57910	NaN	87.97	0.21	2440.0	3.300000e+23	58.60	I
7	Jupiter	Sun	None	0.52	-2.7	1.33	778330	NaN	4332.71	0.05	71492.0	1.900000e+27	0.41	V

onto.select_instances_of("a moon that orbits Jupiter")

	Instance	orbits	has-radius	has-semimajor-axis-1000-km	has-index	has-density	has-period	has-vo	has-discovery-year	has-discoverer	has-eccentricity	has-mass-kg	has-rotate	has-abo
0	Carme	Jupiter	20.0	22600	XI	2.80	-692.00	17.9	1938	Nicholson	0.21	9.560000e+16	None	NaN
1	Harpalyke	Jupiter	NaN	21132	XXII	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
2	Megaclite	Jupiter	NaN	23911	XIX	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
3	Callirrhoe	Jupiter	NaN	24100	XVII	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
4	Io	Jupiter	1821.0	422	I	3.53	1.77	5.0	1610	Galileo	0.00	8.930000e+22	Stable	0.61
5	Thebe	Jupiter	50.0	222	XIV	1.50	0.67	16.0	1979	Synnott	0.02	7.770000e+17	Stable	0.05
6	Amalthea	Jupiter	94.0	181	V	1.00	0.50	14.1	1892	Barnard	0.00	3.500000e+18	Stable	0.05
7	Elara	Jupiter	38.0	11737	VII	3.30	259.65	16.6	1905	Perrine	0.21	7.770000e+17	0.5	NaN
8	Chaldene	Jupiter	NaN	23387	XXI	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
9	Lysithea	Jupiter	18.0	11720	X	3.10	259.22	18.2	1938	Nicholson	0.11	7.770000e+16	None	NaN
10	Callisto	Jupiter	2403.0	1883	IV	1.85	16.69	5.6	1610	Galileo	0.01	1.080000e+23	Stable	0.20
11	Pasiphae	Jupiter	25.0	23500	VIII	2.90	-735.00	16.9	1908	Melotte	0.38	1.910000e+17	None	NaN
12	Taygete	Jupiter	NaN	23312	XX	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
13	Erinome	Jupiter	NaN	23168	XXV	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
14	Metis	Jupiter	20.0	128	XVI	2.80	0.29	17.5	1979	Synnott	0.00	9.560000e+16	None	0.05
15	Ganymede	Jupiter	2634.0	1070	III	1.94	7.15	4.6	1610	Galileo	0.00	1.480000e+23	Stable	0.42
16	Leda	Jupiter	8.0	11094	XIII	2.70	238.72	20.2	1974	Kowal	0.15	5.680000e+15	None	NaN
17	Sinope	Jupiter	18.0	23700	IX	3.10	-758.00	18.0	1914	Nicholson	0.28	7.770000e+16	None	NaN
18	Adrastea	Jupiter	10.0	129	XV	4.50	0.30	18.7	1979	Jewitt	0.00	1.910000e+16	None	0.05
19	Themisto	Jupiter	NaN	7507	XVIII	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
20	Iocaste	Jupiter	NaN	20216	XXIV	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN
21	Europa	Jupiter	1565.0	671	II	2.99	3.55	5.3	1610	Galileo	0.01	4.800000e+22	Stable	0.64
22	Ananke	Jupiter	15.0	21200	XII	2.70	-631.00	18.9	1951	Nicholson	0.17	3.820000e+16	None	NaN
23	Himalia	Jupiter	93.0	11480	VI	2.80	250.57	15.0	1904	Perrine	0.16	9.560000e+18	0.4	NaN
24	Isonoe	Jupiter	NaN	23078	XXVI	NaN	NaN	NaN	2000	Sheppard	NaN	NaN	None	NaN

Draw the ontology

onto.draw_graph(layout='force directed',show={"relations"})